Description: The Martin Act (New York General Business Law §352-358) is one of the most powerful state securities laws in the U.S., giving the New York Attorney General broad authority to investigate and prosecute securities fraud. It includes provisions that make it illegal for anyone to engage in fraudulent practices, misleading statements, or omissions in relation to the sale of securities in New York.

Scope: The law covers securities fraud, deceptive practices, and fraud in investment transactions. It has been used in several high-profile cases.

Description: While not directly related to securities, this law includes protections for employees involved in securities transactions, ensuring there is no discrimination in employment practices related to investment firms and financial institutions.

Scope: It covers employment discrimination in financial firms, creating a level playing field for all workers in the securities industry and ensuring equal opportunities.

Description: This law provides regulations for the sale of corporate securities and the registration of such securities with the state. It also regulates broker-dealers, investment advisers, and the practice of selling or advising on investments.

Scope: It includes guidelines for preventing fraudulent securities transactions, offering transparency, and enforcing the proper conduct of securities professionals.

Description: These laws govern the sale of securities in California and are designed to prevent fraud in the investment market. They are called "Blue Sky" laws because they aim to protect investors from speculative schemes that have no more substance than the blue sky.

Scope: It requires that securities offered or sold in California be registered or qualified for sale, providing additional protection to investors from fraudulent offerings.

Description: This law regulates investment advisers within California. It mandates the registration of investment advisers who solicit clients in the state and imposes a fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of clients.

Scope: This includes registration requirements, disclosure of fees, and providing proper documentation about the adviser's services to ensure transparency and protect investors.

Description: California's securities laws regulate the offering and sale of securities within the state. It provides a registration requirement for securities offered for sale in California, similar to federal laws but with additional state-specific requirements.

Scope: The law includes rules for the registration of securities, the licensing of broker-dealers, and the regulation of securities offerings to protect investors from fraud.

Regulation of franchise investments to protect franchisees.
Example: California Franchise Investment Law.

Protect consumers in financial transactions and investments.
Example: Massachusetts Consumer Protection Act.

Oversight for corporate structures and investor rights.
Example: Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL).

Set maximum interest rates for loans to protect borrowers and investors.
Example: Illinois Interest Act.